Water vapor and nitrogen gas are each confined at and

CHEMISTRY · Single correct · AP · Chemistry · Properties of Substances and Mixtures · Properties of Substances and Mixtures

Problem

Water vapor and nitrogen gas are each confined at

350\,\text{K}

and

10\,\text{atm}

. Which substance is expected to deviate more from ideal-gas behavior under these conditions, and why? (a)

N_2(\text{g})

will deviate more because its larger excluded volume produces stronger repulsive forces at high pressure. (b)

N_2(\text{g})

will deviate more because its higher molar mass leads to stronger London dispersion attractions between molecules. (c)

H_2O(\text{g})

will deviate more because its permanent dipole and hydrogen-bonding capability lead to significant intermolecular attractions. (d)

H_2O(\text{g})

will deviate less because hydrogen bonding is negligible in the gas phase, so

N_2(\text{g})

shows the larger deviation.