Three homologous alcohols are considered at 25 °C in liquid water: methanol (CH₃OH),…
CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · AP · Chemistry · Properties of Substances and Mixtures · Properties of Substances and Mixtures
Problem
Three homologous alcohols are considered at 25 °C in liquid water: methanol (CH₃OH), 1-propanol (CH₃CH₂CH₂OH), and 1-pentanol (CH₃(CH₂)₄OH). Assume no chemical reaction with the solvent and that temperature remains constant throughout the process.
(a) Predict the qualitative order of molar solubility (greatest to least) for the three alcohols in water under the stated conditions.
(b) Justify your ranking by discussing the relative importance of hydrogen bonding, dipole–dipole interactions, and London dispersion forces as the hydrocarbon chain length increases.