A cylindrical syringe open to the atmosphere (1.00 atm) contains an ideal gas sample
CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · A Level · Chemistry · Amount of substance · Amount of substance
Problem
A cylindrical syringe open to the atmosphere (1.00 atm) contains an ideal gas sample. The plunger can slide without friction, so the internal pressure remains equal to the external atmospheric pressure throughout the experiment. Initially, the gas occupies 45.0 mL at 295 K.
An experimenter gently heats the syringe until the gas expands to 62.0 mL while the pressure remains at 1.00 atm and no gas escapes.
(a) Derive an algebraic expression that relates the initial and final absolute temperatures of the gas to its initial and final volumes under the condition of constant external pressure.
(b) Using your expression from part (a), calculate the final temperature of the gas when its volume reaches 62.0 mL.
(c) A thermocouple inserted into the gas measures an actual final temperature of 410 K. Calculate the percent error between the value obtained in part (b) and the measured temperature.
(d) Provide two plausible experimental factors that could account for the discrepancy calculated in part (c), and explain the effect each factor would have on the temperature determination.