Four gases are stored separately at 300 K and 5.0 atm

CHEMISTRY · Single correct · A Level · Chemistry · Bonding · Bonding

Problem

Four gases are stored separately at 300 K and 5.0 atm. Data for each gas are given. Gas I: CO, μ=0.1 D\mu = 0.1\,\text{D}, M=28 g mol−1M = 28\,\text{g mol}^{-1} Gas II: SO2_2, μ=1.6 D\mu = 1.6\,\text{D}, M=64 g mol−1M = 64\,\text{g mol}^{-1} Gas III: CF4_4, μ=0.0 D\mu = 0.0\,\text{D}, M=88 g mol−1M = 88\,\text{g mol}^{-1} Gas IV: CCl4_4, μ=0.0 D\mu = 0.0\,\text{D}, M=154 g mol−1M = 154\,\text{g mol}^{-1} Which gas is expected to show the greatest deviation from ideal-gas behavior due to attractive intermolecular forces under these conditions, and why? (a) Gas III, because the combination of zero dipole moment and moderate molar mass maximizes London dispersion forces. (b) Gas II, because its large permanent dipole leads to the strongest dipole–dipole attractions among the gases. (c) Gas IV, because its very large, highly polarizable electron cloud results in London dispersion forces that surpass the sum of dipole–dipole and dispersion forces in the other gases. (d) Gas I, because its high ratio of dipole moment to molar mass maximizes intermolecular attractions under these conditions.

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