Elemental magnesium reacts with excess 1.0 M HCl(aq) to produce H₂(g)

CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · A Level · Chemistry · Kinetics · Kinetics

Problem

Elemental magnesium reacts with excess 1.0 M HCl(aq) to produce H₂(g). Four separate experiments are summarized below.
ExperimentForm of Mg(s)Temperature (°C)Concentration of HCl (M)Added Substance
ARibbon251.0None
BPowder251.0None
CRibbon401.0None
DRibbon251.00.010 M Na₂SO₄ (acts as an inhibitor by forming a surface layer)
All experiments use the same mass of Mg. (a) Based on the information provided, rank the experiments from fastest to slowest rate of H₂ production. Express your answer in the form "___ > ___ > ___ > ___." (b) Between Experiments B and C, which experimental change has the greater effect on the rate? Explain your reasoning, citing relevant kinetic principles. (c) For Experiment D, explain why the rate decreases compared with Experiment A even though all intensive variables other than the added substance are identical.

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