Four crystalline solids—lithium fluoride (LiF)

CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · A Level · Chemistry · Bonding · Bonding

Problem

Four crystalline solids—lithium fluoride (LiF), potassium bromide (KBr), calcium oxide (CaO), and aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃)—are all heated until just beginning to melt. For each compound, the cation and anion charges and approximate ionic radii are given in the table below.
CompoundCation chargeAnion charger₊ (pm)r₋ (pm)
LiF+1–176133
KBr+1–1152196
CaO+2–2100140
Al₂O₃+3–267140
Using only the information provided in the table, analyze the relative lattice energies and answer the questions below. (a) Rank the four compounds from highest to lowest melting point. Show your reasoning based on Coulombic interactions. (b) Predict which single compound of the four would be least soluble in water at 25 °C. Justify your prediction by reference to the same factors used in part (a).

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