A sealed separatory funnel initially contains three liquids
CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · AP · Chemistry · Properties of Substances and Mixtures · Properties of Substances and Mixtures
Problem
A sealed separatory funnel initially contains three liquids, each with a different food-grade dye so that they are visually distinguishable:
• 50.0 mL of water dyed blue (ρ=1.00gmL−1)
• 50.0 mL of ethanol dyed green (ρ=0.79gmL−1)
• 50.0 mL of hexane dyed red (ρ=0.66gmL−1)
The liquids are vigorously shaken and then allowed to stand undisturbed until macroscopic changes cease.
(1) Part 1: (a) Describe the final number of distinct liquid layers that will be present after the mixture reaches equilibrium. Identify the color associated with each layer in order from the top of the funnel to the bottom.
(2) Part 2: (b) Justify the layer arrangement you predicted in part (a) by discussing both (i) intermolecular interactions that govern miscibility among the three liquids and (ii) the role of density in determining the vertical ordering of any immiscible phases.
(3) Part 3: (c) A student now adds 2.0 g of solid NaCl to the funnel, shakes again, and allows the system to settle. Predict qualitatively how the number and identity of layers will change, if at all, after the salt is added, and explain your reasoning.