A data table lists the first four ionization energies for an unidentified gaseous…
CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · AP · Chemistry · Atomic Structure and Properties · Atomic Structure and Properties
Problem
A data table lists the first four ionization energies for an unidentified gaseous element Q.
Ionization energy of Q (kJ·mol⁻¹):
IE₁ = 738 IE₂ = 1 451 IE₃ = 7 733 IE₄ = 10 541
For comparison, the first two ionization energies for three other elements in the same period are provided.
• Element A IE₁ = 577 IE₂ = 1 816
• Element B IE₁ = 801 IE₂ = 2 425
• Element C IE₁ = 1 008 IE₂ = 1 900
Answer the following parts. Give reasoning in each case that explicitly references the numerical data provided.
(a) Determine the most probable number of valence electrons in element Q and explain how the data support your conclusion.
(b) Identify the period and group in which element Q is located in the periodic table.
(c) Write the complete ground-state electron configuration for a neutral atom of Q, using noble-gas shorthand.
(d) Name element Q. Then predict the empirical formula of the oxide it forms under normal combustion conditions and justify the stoichiometry in terms of Q’s electron configuration.