A 100 mL sample of 0.10 M calcium nitrate solution is placed in a flask containing a…
CHEMISTRY · Multi-part · AP · Chemistry · Chemical Reactions · Chemical Reactions
Problem
A 100 mL sample of 0.10 M calcium nitrate solution is placed in a flask containing a 20 mL aliquot of 0.05 M nitric acid. Solid sodium carbonate solution (0.20 M) is then added dropwise until all calcium ions present are precipitated and the solution is just slightly basic.
(a) Before any precipitate appears, a neutralization reaction occurs between carbonate ions and the nitric acid present. Write the balanced overall chemical equation (including physical states) for this neutralization step.
(b) After the acid has been completely consumed, excess carbonate ions react with the calcium ions still present. Write the balanced net ionic equation for this precipitation step.
(c) Calculate the minimum volume (in mL) of the 0.20 M sodium carbonate solution that must be added to accomplish complete precipitation of calcium under the stated conditions. Show all reasoning, including how the presence of the initial nitric acid influences the required amount of carbonate.