Water is pumped steadily upward through a vertical pipeline from point A on the ground floor to point B on the first floor of a building, 6.0 m above A. At A the pipe radius is 3.0 cm, the gauge pressure is 2.5×105Pa and the speed of water is 2.0ms−1. The radius at B is 1.5 cm. Take ρwater=1000kgm−3 and g=9.8ms−2.
(i) Calculate the speed of water at point B.
(ii) Determine the gauge pressure at point B.
(iii) The vapour pressure of water at room temperature is 2.0×103Pa. Find the least gauge pressure that must be maintained at A so that cavitation does not occur anywhere between A and B.