A large reservoir open to the atmosphere contains water to a depth that can be varied
PHYSICS · Multi-part · CBSE · Physics · Mechanical Properties of Fluids · Mechanical Properties of Fluids
Problem
A large reservoir open to the atmosphere contains water to a depth that can be varied. A very small, sharp-edged circular opening is located on the vertical side wall of the reservoir at a depth h below the free surface of the water.
Assume that the diameter of the opening is small compared with all other dimensions so that the speed of the water surface remains negligible while water exits through the hole.
(a) Describe qualitatively how the exit speed of the water changes as the depth h of the hole below the free surface is increased. In your explanation, refer to the physical energies involved.
(b) Two identical holes are made: one on the side wall at depth h and the other in the flat bottom of the reservoir, the top water level being the same for both cases. Compare the exit speeds for the two holes and justify your answer with appropriate reasoning.
(c) Explain why the density of the water does not affect the functional dependence of the exit speed on the depth h when the reservoir is open to the atmosphere.