PHYSICS · Multi-part · AP · Physics 1: Algebra-based · Linear Momentum · Linear Momentum
Problem
Consider an isolated system of two smooth, rigid spheres that collide on a frictionless horizontal surface. Before impact one sphere is in motion while the other is at rest. After the collision both spheres move in different directions in the horizontal plane.
(i) Explain why two independent component equations are required to account for conservation of linear momentum in this situation.
(ii) Discuss qualitatively how the presence or absence of conservation of kinetic energy distinguishes elastic and inelastic collisions in two dimensions.
(iii) Describe, without calculation, how measurements of post-collision speeds and angles can be used to decide experimentally whether a given collision is elastic.