Isotope A decays to isotope B

PHYSICS · Multi-part · A Level · Physics · Nuclear physics · Nuclear physics

Problem

Isotope A decays to isotope B, which subsequently decays to stable isotope C. The half-life of A is 20 min20\,\text{min}, and the half-life of B is 5.0 min5.0\,\text{min}. At t=0t = 0 the sample consists of N0=1.2×1020N_{0} = 1.2 \times 10^{20} atoms of A and no atoms of B or C. (1) Part 1: (a) Derive an algebraic expression for the time tpeakt_{\text{peak}} at which the activity of isotope B attains its maximum value. Express your result solely in terms of the decay constants of A and B. (2) Part 2: (b) Calculate the numerical value of tpeakt_{\text{peak}} using the given half-lives. (3) Part 3: (c) Determine the activity of isotope B at tpeakt_{\text{peak}} and express it as a fraction of the initial activity of isotope A at t=0t = 0.

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