Water boils at 100 °C and 1 atm with an enthalpy of vaporization of 40.7 kJ mol⁻¹.
A laboratory technician needs to convert 25.0 g of liquid water at 100 °C and 1 atm completely to steam at the same temperature and pressure.
(1) Calculate the quantity of energy, in kilojoules, that must be absorbed to carry out this phase change. Show your reasoning clearly and express the final answer with the correct number of significant figures.
(2) On a set of axes whose vertical axis represents potential energy and whose horizontal axis is a generalized reaction coordinate, sketch a qualitative energy diagram for the phase change described. Label the initial state, final state, and the enthalpy change determined in part (a).