Two separate demonstrations are performed in a laboratory.
• Demonstration A: A single upward flick is given to one end of a taut rope lying horizontally on a table. The resulting disturbance travels along the length of the rope toward a fixed wall at the far end.
• Demonstration B: A long, loosely coiled spring (slinky) is stretched on the floor. One end of the spring is given a brief, quick push directly toward and then away from the other end, producing a region of compression that moves down the spring.
Answer the following about the two demonstrations.
(a) For Demonstration A, describe the instantaneous direction of motion of individual rope segments compared with the direction in which the disturbance travels.
(b) For Demonstration B, describe the instantaneous direction of motion of individual spring coils compared with the direction in which the disturbance travels.
(c) State whether the wave in Demonstration A and the wave in Demonstration B are transverse or longitudinal. Identify each explicitly.
(d) Provide a clear explanation that justifies your classifications in part (c) using the particle motions you described in parts (a) and (b).